Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common gastrointestinal infections. The diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori can be performed using invasive and non-invasive methods. Therefore, the present study was designed and conducted with the aim of evaluating the sensitivity of the rapid urease test compared to serology in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Materials and methods: The present study was a Diagnostic Accuracy Study in which all patients referred to the Gastroenterology clinic of Shahid Rahimi Hospital in Khorramabad in 1401 who had undergone endoscopy and biopsy with complaints of gastrointestinal problems and had positive Helicobacter pylori serology were examined through a census. In order to collect information, a researcher-made checklist was used, which was approved by the professors of gastroenterology department of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences. After collecting the data, they were analyzed with SPSS 22 software

Results: In this study, 134 patients (56% female and 44% male) were examined. The most common reasons for upper endoscopy were dyspepsia (60.4%) and abdominal pain (32.1%). The most common endoscopic findings were antral gastritis (76.9%) and small hiatal hernia (29.1%). Out of 134 patients with positive serology studied, 80 had a positive rapid urease test (59.7%). Therefore, the sensitivity of rapid urease test compared to serology was about 60%. Patients with duodenal ulcer had more positive rapid urease test than patients without duodenal ulcer, and this finding was statistically significant (P